On the other hand, in the United States, most judges are appointed or elected after accumulating several years of experience as lawyers. There are actually more types of judges in the U.S. than one might think. Their roles vary depending on which court they work in and what cases they handle.

First, federal judges handle cases related to the laws of the entire country. They deal with important issues such as constitutional matters or violations of federal law.

Within this, there are three categories: Supreme Court justices, appellate court judges, and district court judges.

Supreme Court justices work in the Supreme Court, the highest court in the United States, which has a total of 9 members appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate. Once appointed, they hold their position for life, so each individual's influence is significant.

Appellate court judges work in the court just below the Supreme Court, reviewing appeals of cases that have already been decided.

District court judges handle the first instance of federal cases, and most cases are initially heard in these district courts.

Next are state judges. State judges work based on the laws and regulations of each state, and the structure varies slightly from state to state. For example, state superior court judges handle major cases, while district court judges deal with minor cases like traffic violations.

Family court judges handle family issues such as divorce, custody, and property division, while criminal court judges deal with criminal cases. Another interesting role is that of magistrate judges, who primarily work in federal courts but handle simple cases or preliminary procedures. They often deal with matters like issuing warrants or bail hearings.

So, what qualifications are needed to become a judge? Basically, a Juris Doctor (JD) degree is required.

It is common to gain experience as a lawyer after completing a law degree. Most judges are granted qualifications only after accumulating 5 to 10 years or more of legal experience.

Federal judges are appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate, but the method for state judges varies by state. Some are elected, while others are appointed by the governor. Moral character and legal judgment are also very important.

Judges must interpret the law fairly. There is also an age requirement, with most states requiring judges to be at least 30 years old and a U.S. citizen.

Finally, let's talk about U.S. Supreme Court justices. There are no specific qualifications set to become a Supreme Court justice, but almost all have studied law and have extensive experience as lawyers. Those appointed are individuals who can deeply understand and interpret the law.

On average, candidates are often in their 50s or 60s. A Supreme Court justice can only be appointed after being nominated by the president and confirmed by the Senate, and this process is so significant that it often leads to political controversy. Once appointed, they remain in that position for life, allowing them to make independent rulings without political pressure or external influence.

Thus, Supreme Court justices hold significant power to make decisions that can change the direction of American society.

Ultimately, the U.S. judicial system is divided into federal and state levels, with distinct roles at each stage.

The path to becoming a judge is not easy, but it is a position that carries the weight of responsibility for law and justice.